Injector



Feb. 21, 1928.

M. HARD INJEGTOR Filed April 2, 1926 /W/ COLM HARD INI/EN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 21, 1928. A

UNITED STATES 1,659,686. PATENT oFFicE.

MALCOLM HARD, YOF FLUSHING, NEW'YOBK, ASSIGNOB TO THE SUPEBHEATEB PAN'Y, Ol' `NEW' YORK, N., Y.

cox-

INJECTOB.

Application filed April 2, 1923. Serial No. 99,288.

My invention relates to injectors and is specifically intended as an improvement upon that type of injector operated b either exhaust or'live steam, an example o which is disclosed in U. S. .Letters Patent No. 1,342,128, issued June 1, 1920 to J., J. C., andR. D. Metcalfe, although it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to in'ectors of this type but may be applied to ot er forms of exhaust or live steam injectors as well.

In injectors of the type above referred to, 'the water regulation is ordinarily accomplished by moving the steaml nozzle with l5 respect to the water nozzle or cone in such manner as to vary the size of the opening between the water chamber of the injector and the water cone. Because of the comparative loose lit of the movable steam nozzle necessary in order to assure its freedom from binding under all operating conditions, the efficiency of the injector in prior forms of construction has been considerabl reduced. In order to operate at the maximum efliciency, the steam nozzle must be exactly centered and in alignment with the water cone and with the loose fittin nozzle heretofore required, this accurate a ignment cannot be maintained. Furthermore, the prior form of comparatively loosely fitted nozzle permits the leakage of some steam from the steam chamber of the injector past the nozzle into the water chamber, with a consequent heating elfect on the water in the water chamber, resulting in a lowered etilciency of the injector because of the higher water temperature at the point where the water and steam combine.

In order to minimize this latter objection,

prior forms. of nozzles have been rovided with packing to prevent leakage, ut this remedy is not wholly effective and the packin is in itself objectionable in the injector.

he general object of the resent invention is, therefore, the provision of an imh proved form of steam nozzle construction which will eliminate the obections above referred to. Other and more etailed objects of the invention will a pear in connection with the followinor detailed description of a preferred form of the invention.

I have illustrated the invention as applied to an exhaust steam injector of the type disclosed in the U. S. patent above referred to,

but it is to be understood that the invention is applicable to any injector of the type wherein a movable steam nozzle is emloyed. In the drawin Fig. 1 is a longituinal vertical section ta en through such an injector, Fig. 2 is a fragmentary portion of Fig. 1 reproduced on a larger scale and showing half sections of the steam `nozzle in twol positions, and Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section showing the prior form of nozzle construction, over which the present invention 1s an improvement.

Referrin now to Fig. 1, the injector housing 1 is shown as comprisin a number of sections, but it will be reaily understood that the housin of the entire injector may be integral and is sectioned merely for convenience in assembling and aligning the several nozzles. The exhaust steam for operating the injector enters through the inlet 2 controlled by the {iuid pressure actuated valve 3. Supplemental high pressure steam is admitted to the injector through a suitably controlled passage 4 and nozzle 5. Auxiliary live steam at low pressure is supplied to the injector, at times when exhaust steam is not available, through the passage 6, from which it enters the steam chamber 7 by way of suitable ports 8. Water is supplied through inlet 9 to the water chamber 10, from which it passes to the water cone 11. Steam, either exhaust or auxiliary, as the case may be, when supplied from the chamber 7 to the main low pressure steam nozzle 12, and after combining with the water supplied through the water cone 11, passes through the secondary steam nozzle 13 and combining tube 14 to the delivery tube'15 and from the injector by way of check valve 16 and outlet 17. The form of injector ust described forms no part of the resent invention and need not be described in further detail. y

' In order to make clear the nature of the 4present improvement over prior forms, the

form of exhaust steam nozzle heretofore 1m used in this type of injector has been illustrated in Fig. 3. In this form of construc tion the injector housing forms a cylindriv cal passageway connecting the steam chamber 7 with the water chamber 10', and in 105 which is slidably mounted a. steam nozzle 12. The nozzle 12 extends through the water chamber 10 to enter the water cone 11', and is provided with packing 18 to prevent steam leakage from the steam chamuo steam and water chambers, water cone and position and the lower half of the nozzle besteam nozzle may be in the same relative .position as in the prior forms of construction, but the steam nozzle is separated from the water'ehamber by anannular web extending through the water chamberand surroundmg the steam nozzle. In the preferred form, which I have illustrated in detail in Fig.. 2, a cylindrical passage is formed by the 1njector housin between the steam chamber 7 and water c amber 10. An annular bush-v ing, or sleeve, 23 is mounted in said passa e preferably lby means of a tight press t, the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the sleeve forming a bearing for the reception of the steam nozzle 12. Nozzle 12 is mounted in sleeve 23 with a comparatwely loose slidin fit to allow for all possible expansion wiiout binding. For the purpose of illustration, I have shown the nozzle 1n Fig. 2 as longitudinall split, the upper half of the nozzle being s own in one extreme ing shown in the opposite extreme position. The sleeve 23 is provided with a conical extension, or web, extending through the water chamber into the water cone, and at the outer end of the web the inner surface thereT of is formed to provide a cylindrical bear` ing surface. The nozzle 12 is tapered in the usual manner, but at the small, or delivery, end of the nozzle, the outer surface is made cylindrical in form and enga-ges the bearing formed in the outer end of the extended web of sleeve 23.

While I have shown the bearing-forming web extending across the water chamber as comprising a part of the bushing, or sleeve, 23, it will be readily 'apparent that this web may, if desired, be formed as an integral portion of the housing casting. In order, however, to simplify the housing casting and to perform the necessary machining more advantageously, I prefer to make the web as shown, as a portion of the sleeve 23. The sleeve 23 is provided with an opening registering with a corresponding opening in the injector housing, which receives the actuating member 19, passing through the stuling box 20 and havin mounted thereon the eccentric in 21 exten ing into a suitable recess 22 in t e nozzle 12.

With the steam nozzle constructed in accorclance with my invention, a clearance in the sliding fit between the nozzle and sleeve 23 of from .008 to .010 may be employed, as the second bearing formed by the extended web serves to center and guide the outlet end ot the nozzle in the water cone. Because of the smaller dimensions of these parts, the clearance in this Alatter lbearing may be made smaller than in the.. larger bearing, .002 or .003 being suficint. It will be readily apparent from an' inspection of Fig. 3 that in the prior form'of construction, any looseness in the bearing-,lit of nozzle 12, due to initial clearance or subsequent wear, will cause a greatly magnified, amount of niisalignment of the nozzle at its discharge end, where accurate centering is -important. In my improved construction, however, the misalignment of the delivery end of the nozzle is limited to the actual amount of play permitted by the clearance in the bearing at the delivery end.

My improved form 4of construction also permits the elimination of packing between the nozzle and its bearin s, as any steam leading from the steam c amber past the main bearing surface of the nozzle cannot escape into the water chamber as in prior constructions, but is confined in the annular space between the nozzle and web, from which it can escape only through the bearing surface at the outer end of the nozzle. Any steam passin through the bearing surfaces is delivere main steam jet at a point within the water cone and will in no way diminish the eliiiceney of the injector.

It is particularly to be noted that the extended web portion of sleeve 23 is spaced, except at the bearing end, from the nozzle 12, in all positions of the latter. This will be clear from an inspection of Fig. 2 which shows the nozzle in both extreme positions. This construction forms a closed annular chamber between the web and nozzle, which serves as an insulating chamber between the water chamber 10 and the interior steam space of nozzle 12. Referring again to Fig. 3, it

will be apparent that a certain heating effect, detrimental to the operation of the injector, will be caused by the conduction of heat from the steam passing through the nozzle 12 through the walls thereof to the water in the chamber 10', and it will be equally apparent that the amount of heat transmitted from the steam jet within the nozzle to the waterv in the surroundin water cnamber will be materially reducedgby the closed chamber with which my improved construction surrounds the nozzle. i

It may be further pointed out that the Improved form of nozzle embodying my invention may be readily applied to existing injectors by tting a webcarrying sleeve in the direction of the thereto with a nozzle suitably fitted in the sleeve, or by increasing they bore of the passageway through the injector housing to accommodate the addition of a sleeve between the housing and a nozzle of standard outside diameter.

What I claim is:

1. In an injector, a housing, a cylindrical bearing located in said housing, a water cone mounted lin said housing and spaced from said bearing to form a water chamber, a steam nozzle slidably mounted in said bearing, said nozzle havin an extension extending through said cham er into said cone, and a bearing located within said cone and slidably engaging said extension.

2. In an injector, a housing, a cylindrical bearing located in said housing, a Water cone mounted in said housing andspaced from said bearing to form a water chamber, a steam nozzle slidably mounted in said bearing, said nozzle having an extension of reduced diameter extending through said chamber into said cone, a bearing located within said cone and slidably engaging said extension, and an annular web separating the portion of said nozzle between said bearings from said chamber.

3. In an injector, a water cone, a housing forming a water chamber communicatin with said cone, a cylindrical bearing located in saidllousing, said bearing being spaced from and in alignment with said cone an annular web extending from said bearing through said chamber and forming a cylindrical bearing wit-hin said cone, and a steam nozzle slidably mounted in said bearings, said nozzle and web bein spaced to form a closed annular chamber between said bearings.

4. In an injector, a housing formin a steam chamber and a water chamber, a cy indricalbearing located between said chambers, a water cone mounted in said housin an annular nozzle slidably mounted in said bearing and extending through said water chamber into saidY cone, and an annular web surrounding said nozzle between said bearing and said water cone whereby steam leakage through said bearing from said steam chamber into said water chamber is prevented.

5. In an injector, a housing forming a steam chamber and a water chamber con nected by Va cylindrical passage, a sleeve fix-A edly mounted in said passage, said sleeve having an annular web extending through said water chamber, and a steam nozzle slidably mounted in said sleeve.

6. In an injector, a housing forming a steam chamber and a water chamber connected by a cylindrical passage, a water cone mounted in said housing in alignment with said passage, a cylindrical bearing-forming sleeve fixedly mounted in said assage, sai sleeve having a conical We extending through said water chamber into said cone and forming a cylindrical bearing at its outer end, a steam nozzle having a cylindrical portion slidably mounted in said first named bearing and a conical portion terminatin in a cylindrical end slidably engaging said ast named bearing.

7. A nozzle assembly for injectors comprising a sleeve member having an 4inner surface forming a pair of spaced cylindrical bearings, and a nozzle mounted in said sleeve member and sl'dably engaging said bearings, said nozzle being spaced from said sleeve member intermediate said bearing to form a closed annular chamber.

8. A nozzle assembly for injectors comprising a sleeve member having a cylindrical portion forming inner and outer c lindrical bearing surfacesand a conical we portion forming at its outer end an internal cylindrical bearing surface of reduced diameter in alignment with said first named bearing surfaces, and a nozzle located in said sleeve member, said nozzle comprisinga pair of spaced cylindrical surfaces slidably engaging the internal bearing surfaces of said sleeve member and an' intermediate portion spaced from said sleeve member.

9. A nozzle assembly for injectors comprisin f a sleeve member forming a `pair of space cylindrical bearings andhaving an opening passing through one of said bearings, and a steam nozzle located in said sleeve and slidably engaging said bearings, said nozzle having 'a recess therein re 'stering with said opening in a plurality o `positions of the nozzle.

MALCOLM HARD. 

